🌍 Why This Document Exists

This is not a LeetCode cheat list.

This is a thinking gym.

You will train:

• 🧠 Logic
• 🔁 Loop mastery
• 📦 Containers
• 🔢 Indexing (start / stop / step)
• ⚙️ Functions, recursion, decorators, classes
• 🚦 Complex conditions (and / or / nested)

All wrapped in fun football stories — because learning should feel alive.

🥇 Python Logic Olympics (20 Puzzles)

Difficulty increases gradually. Try each puzzle before opening the solution.

🟢 Puzzle 1 — Messi’s Goal Counter (Warm-Up)

Messi scored goals in matches:

goals = [1, 0, 2, 1, 3, 0]

Task: Count total goals using a loop (no sum()).

total = 0
for g in goals:
    total += g
print(total)

🟢 Puzzle 2 — Prime Jersey Numbers

Messi wore jerseys from 1 to n.

Task: Return all prime numbers < n.

def is_prime(x):
    if x < 2:
        return False
    i = 2
    while i * i <= x:
        if x % i == 0:
            return False
        i += 1
    return True

def primes_less_than(n):
    return [i for i in range(n) if is_prime(i)]

🟢 Puzzle 3 — Skipping Injured Matches (continue)

Messi missed matches marked as "injured".

matches = ["goal", "goal", "injured", "goal"]

Task: Count goals, skip injured matches.

count = 0
for m in matches:
    if m == "injured":
        continue
    count += 1

🟡 Puzzle 4 — Stop at Red Card (break)

Stop counting goals once Messi gets a "red" card.

events = ["goal", "goal", "red", "goal"]
count = 0
for e in events:
    if e == "red":
        break
    if e == "goal":
        count += 1

🟡 Puzzle 5 — Indexing Like a Pro

Get every second match Messi played.

matches = ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E"]

print(matches[::2])

🟡 Puzzle 6 — Goals in First Half Only

First half = first len(matches)//2.

half = len(matches) // 2
print(matches[:half])

🟡 Puzzle 7 — Yellow + Red Logic (AND / OR)

Messi is suspended if:

• red card
• OR 2+ yellow cards

yellow = 2
red = False

suspended = red or yellow >= 2

🟠 Puzzle 8 — Recursive Goal Sum

Sum goals using recursion only.

def recursive_sum(arr):
    if not arr:
        return 0
    return arr[0] + recursive_sum(arr[1:])

🟠 Puzzle 9 — Assist + Goal Filter

Count matches where Messi had goal AND assist.

stats = [(1,1), (1,0), (0,1), (1,1)]

count = 0
for g, a in stats:
    if g == 1 and a == 1:
        count += 1

🟠 Puzzle 10 — Dictionary Aggregation

Track total goals per season.

seasons = {"2019": 30, "2020": 25}
total = sum(seasons.values())

🔵 Puzzle 11 — Decorator: Match Logger

Log before and after Messi plays.

def logger(fn):
    def wrapper():
        print("Match start")
        fn()
        print("Match end")
    return wrapper

@logger
def play():
    print("Messi scores!")

🔵 Puzzle 12 — Class: Player Card System

class Player:
    def __init__(self):
        self.yellow = 0
        self.red = False

    def foul(self):
        self.yellow += 1
        if self.yellow >= 2:
            self.red = True

🔵 Puzzle 13 — While Loop Simulator

Simulate Messi scoring until stamina hits zero.

stamina = 5
goals = 0
while stamina > 0:
    goals += 1
    stamina -= 1

🔴 Puzzle 14 — Nested Containers

Count goals from nested tournament data.

tournament = [[1,2],[0,1],[3]]
total = sum(sum(match) for match in tournament)

🔴 Puzzle 15 — Sliding Window (Advanced Indexing)

Max goals in 2 consecutive matches.

goals = [1,2,0,3]
max_sum = 0
for i in range(len(goals)-1):
    max_sum = max(max_sum, goals[i] + goals[i+1])

🔴 Puzzle 16 — Complex Conditions

Valid match if:

• goals ≥ 1
• assists ≥ 1
• no red card

valid = goals >= 1 and assists >= 1 and not red

🔴 Puzzle 17 — Recursive Match Tree

Traverse knockout tree recursively.

def traverse(node):
    if not node:
        return 0
    return node["goals"] + traverse(node.get("next"))

🟣 Puzzle 18 — State Machine Logic

Messi state: "play" → "yellow" → "red"

state = "play"
if foul:
    state = "yellow" if state == "play" else "red"

🟣 Puzzle 19 — Full Match Engine

Combine:

• loops
• conditions
• classes
• break/continue

for minute in range(90):
    if red:
        break
    if injured:
        continue

🏆 Puzzle 20 — FINAL BOSS (Everything)

Simulate Messi’s season:

• goals
• assists
• yellow/red cards
• suspension logic
• class + function + loop + recursion

class Messi:
    def __init__(self):
        self.goals = 0
        self.yellow = 0
        self.red = False

    def play_match(self, g, a, y):
        if self.red:
            return
        self.goals += g
        self.yellow += y
        if self.yellow >= 2:
            self.red = True

🧠 Final Message

If you understand this entire document:

You don’t just “know Python”.

You think like a software engineer.

⚽🐐 Messi would approve.